TRPV1 and neoplasm: We applied abdominal transplantation tumor model of nude mice to verify the role of TRPV1 in suppressing GC invasion in vivo, and found that the overexpression of TRPV1 in BGC823 cells markedly suppressed GC cell metastasis after their peritoneal implantation (Fig. 4e), leading to a decrease in tumor numbers by about 40% compared to NC group (Fig. 4f).