In our previous studies, both in human epilepsy [43] and animal studies following status epilepticus [5,26,41,44,45,46], several endogenous neuroprotective mechanisms to lessen neuronal damage were proposed, including PPARγ [41], mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) [41], heat shock protein 70 [43,44], brain-derived neurotrophic factor [45], mitochondrial dynamin-related protein 1 [46], PGC1-α [5,26], and sirtuin 1 [5,26]. The gene discussed is SIRT1; the disease is epilepsy.