For example, in a retrospective study of 166 CRC cancers with or without preoperative chemoradiation (pCRT), classification into one of five immunoscore groups significantly correlated with differences in disease free survival (DFS) and OS (all p < 0.005), with high infiltration of CD3+ and CD8+ lymphocytes in tumour biopsies associated with downstaging of the tumour after pCRT [62]. This evidence concerns the gene CD8A and neoplasm.