Firth’s bias-reduced multiple logistic regression analyses with the stepwise AIC variable selection method identified the variables of age (≥ 67 years), Alb (≥ 4 g/dl), and stoma (+) as protective factors and sex (male), NLR (≥ 2.4), LMR (≥ 5.3), operation time (≥ 373 min), blood loss (≥ 105 ml), tumor size (≥ 41 mm), and pelvic inlet size (≥ 113 mm) as risk factors for AL. The gene discussed is ALB; the disease is neoplasm.