At a difference with previous findings, we observed that NF-κB is important but not sufficient to promote IL-8 transcription in CRC models; however, it has been demonstrated that other transcription factors (such as AP-1) physically interact with NF-κB and functionally cooperate to promote IL-8 gene expression and might be targeted by MAPK regulation13,28. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is colorectal carcinoma.