TNF and type 1 diabetes mellitus: Pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-8 and TNF-α, homeostatic cytokine IL-7 and growth factor VEGF-C were increased in patients’ plasma with T1DM (4.7 ± 1.3 pg/mL, 1.6 ± 0.2 pg/mL, 2.3 ± 0.6 pg/mL and 63.2 ± 20.3 pg/mL) versus HCs (2.8 ± 0.5 pg/mL, 1.4 ± 0.2 pg/mL, 1.4 ± 0.6 pg/mL, 50.8 ± 48.2 pg/mL respectively); p = 0.003, p = 0.041, p = 0.008 and p = 0.013 respectively (Figure 1a–d).