ABCG1 and atherosclerosis: The regulation of cholesterol is carried out by ABCA1 (ATP-binding cassette transporter, also known as the cholesterol efflux regulatory protein), ABCG1 (ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 1), and SR-B1 (scavenger receptor class B type 1) transporters, which remove the cholesterol from the cell membranes towards the extracellular HDL (high-density lipoprotein); in this process, the alteration of any of these transporters may cause atherosclerosis [58].