Selective and progressive loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) that leads to deficiencies in striatal dopamine production, as well as intracellular inclusions containing α-synuclein (α-syn) aggregates referred to as Lewy bodies (LBs) in surviving neurons, are the neuropathological features of PD [4,5]. The gene discussed is SNCA; the disease is Parkinson disease.