MiR-142-5p was confirmed to interact with the ABL2, MCL1, cKIT and SRI 3′-UTR, while miR-365a-3p, found as significant marker in peripheral blood samples, was identified to interact with the 3′-UTR of cKIT. These miRNA-target gene interactions, together with the low expression levels of miR-142-5p and miR-365a-3p in patients non-responding to imatinib therapy, suggest a tumor suppressor role in CML context. This evidence concerns the gene ABL2 and chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive.