TNF and septic shock: As expected from clustering with HV, the 6 septic shock patients contained in cluster S1 had the highest median values of mHLA-DR (10,938 AB/c, IQR: [9456–14642]) and TNFα protein concentration post-LPS stimulation (3799 pg/mL, IQR: [2067.2–5401.2], values include those for HV) compared to the remaining septic shock patients.