In line with the P1:P2 ratio playing a key role in the pathophysiology of colon cancer, tumor load and size were increased in mice which could only produce P2-driven HNF4A isoforms in a model of colitis-associated colon cancer, while restricted expression of P1-driven isoforms and led to fewer and smaller tumors [32]. This evidence concerns the gene HNF4A and colonic neoplasm.