Although the in vivo EGF treatment had no marked effect on the fertility of normal female mice in long term, our results showed that this approach significantly increase the activation of dormant primordial follicles and the oocyte retrieval rate in inducible premature ovarian insufficiency (iPOI) mouse ovaries, which indicated a potent clinical strategy to improve the efficiency of assisted reproductive technology (ART) in POI patients. The gene discussed is EGF; the disease is premature menopause.