The signature p53 mutation, p53-Ser249, is often present in liver cancer cells from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients from AFB1-exposed areas, suggesting that AFB1 is a potent carcinogen because it is a genotoxin (Hsu et al. 1991; Shen and Ong 1996). This evidence concerns the gene TP53 and hepatocellular carcinoma.