CDKN2A and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: However, regardless of the intake frequency of beans, p16 methylation was significantly associated with an increased risk of ESCC (OR = 2.58, 95% CI 1.26–5.32; OR = 3.79, 95% CI 1.45–9.87; OR = 3.59, 95% CI 1.65–7.82).