In a study from Liu et al. [35] involving ethnically diverse cohorts of pediatric patients with ALL, through agnostic GWAS approaches to assess the contribution of genetic variation of TPMT and other genes to the activity and effects of the TPMT enzyme on tolerance to thiopurine, the TPMT gene alone reached significance in the entire genome with the rs1142345 variant in the top hit. This evidence concerns the gene TPMT and acute lymphoblastic leukemia.