Similarly, high levels of three Rho GTPase activators (GEFs), Trio (trio Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor), Vav1 (vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1) and TIAM1 (T cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 1), were found in breast tumors compared with normal background breast tissue, and positively correlated with a poor prognostic index [130]. The gene discussed is VAV1; the disease is breast neoplasm.