TNF and Arthritis: These pharmacological effects may be through the inhibition of interleukin-1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and joint synovial cell proliferation, bidirectional regulation of IL-2, and regulation of NF- κB signaling pathway.[7–9] In clinical trials, TGP can downregulate serum rheumatoid factor (RF), C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) levels, reduce inflammatory reaction, and relieve arthritis symptoms.