Further investigation of the pathways involved provided evidence that increased expression of mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter regulator 1 enhanced the proliferation of HCC cells by increasing [Ca2+]MT and generation of mitochondrial ROS, leading to enhanced degradation of p53, decreased autophagy and increased cell cycle activity and cell proliferation (shown schematically Figure 9) [81]. This evidence concerns the gene TP53 and hepatocellular carcinoma.