Hazard ratios, adjusted for known risk factors, significantly increased for OS (primary end point), as well as DFS and DDFS (secondary end points), when the tumor showed high PIWI-like 1 and low PIWI-like 2 expression compared to patients with other PIWI-like 1 and PIWI-like 2 combinations. The gene discussed is PIWIL2; the disease is neoplasm.