Proteomic studies by Panner Selvam et al. [112,126,144] have also found an overexpression of proteins related to oxidative stress, particularly peroxiredoxin-1 (PRDX1) and peroxiredoxin-2 (PRDX2), in the SP of varicocele patients, compared to fertile controls. This evidence concerns the gene PRDX1 and varicocele.