For example, Signorelli et al. [41] provided HD patients with peripheral arterial disease with supplementation with the LC derivative, propionyl-LC as part of a longitudinal study; among their findings, they reported an improved ankle-brachial index along with significant improvements with respect to endothelial biomarkers as indicated by the progressively reductions in serum endothelin-1. The gene discussed is EDN1; the disease is peripheral arterial disease.