Consistent with RNA-seq results, we found a significant increase in gene expression for IRF8, CXCR1, TIRAP, CH25H, CXCL11. 5, and TLR2 and a significant decrease in gene expression for CCR6a, IL-12A, and TLR1 at 24 h after infection with the three novirhabdoviruses (Fig 4 and S6 Table). This evidence concerns the gene TIRAP and infection.