Velders et al. (2012) provided the first indication that the FTO allele at rs9939609 is linked with decreased risk for symptoms of ADHD and fewer challenges with emotional control in young children. Choudhry et al. (2013) corroborated these observations implicating FTO in the modulation of ADHD phenotype with a more obvious effect in those children who were not exposed to smoke during gestation. The gene discussed is FTO; the disease is attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder.