We saw an increase in early tissue injury, with increased leakage of IgM and total protein into the BALF of Peli1−/− animals at 96 h post-infection (Figures 4H,I), although histological examination of the lung over 8 days showed similar progressive injury to the bronchial and bronchiolar epithelium between groups (Figure 5). Here, PELI1 is linked to infection.