Increased radioresistance of cancer cells is developed by the activation of several compensatory pro-survival cell signaling pathways, including phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mTOR pathway, EGFR/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and NF-κB signaling pathway (80, 81). This evidence concerns the gene EGFR and cancer.