GPNMB and late-onset Parkinson disease: In Liu's report, there were significant differences between male Chinese PD participants and healthy controls in both genotype (p = 0.01) and allele distribution (p = 0.01, OR = 0.67) of rs156429, indicating that GPNMB rs156429 could have a protective role in male Chinese patients with PD (Liu et al., 2015).