CXCL12 can activate HSC and recruit bone marrow mesenchymal cells, which promote liver fibrosis; in LSEC, CXCL12 signals via the physical association of CXCR4 and ACKR3 to activate eventually the transcription factor Id1, which orchestrates pro-regenerative responses, such as production of Wnt2 and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) (34). Here, CXCL12 is linked to Hepatic fibrosis.