These results added to the present findings, where an enhancement of TGF-β expression in C57BL/10 footpads (early in infection) was observed, sustains the hypothesis that this cytokine contributes to macrophage failure to kill parasites, which in turn leads to chronic inflammatory responses and tissue destruction, favoring disease progression in C57BL/10 infected mice. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is infection.