As reviewed in Rayburn et al. (2005), Mdm2 is overexpressed in liposarcomas, osteosarcomas, testicular germ cell tumors, embryonic carcinomas, brain tumors (including glioblastomas and astrocytomas), hematological malignancies, bladder cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer among others. Here, MDM2 is linked to urinary bladder cancer.