In addition, downregulation of the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK-MAPK pathway has been associated with cardiotoxicity as ERK activation plays an important role in preventing the transition from adaptive hypertrophy to heart failure during pressure overload (Harris et al., 2004; Mutlak et al., 2018; Gallo et al., 2019). Here, MAP2K7 is linked to heart failure.