It is important to highlight that a number of mycobacterium antigens, such as Mtb, are associated with autoimmune diseases, such as autoimmune arthritis, sarcoidosis, systemic lupus erythematosus [65,86,91,93,94,95,96,97,98], where the most prevalent mycobacterial antigen detected was the heat shock protein 65 (HSP65) [65,86,91,93,94]. Here, HSPD1 is linked to autoimmune disease.