Thirty-two patients who received medication other than bisphosphonate (selective estrogen receptor modulators: 30 patients, and teriparatide: 2 patients) for the treatment of osteoporosis, 14 patients with thyroid disease, 2 patients with parathyroid disease, 12 patients with a history of previous fracture, and 39 patients who were current smoker were excluded. This evidence concerns the gene ESR1 and osteoporosis.