The activation of COX-2/PGE2 can affect the tumor microenvironment and inhibit tumor immunity through a variety of mechanisms, including inducing tumor cells to produce vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGFC) and promoting the remodeling of lymphatic networks in and around tumors to provide a pathway for the tumor cells to escape the immune system [(60); Figure 3]. This evidence concerns the gene VEGFC and neoplasm.