ULK1 and breast carcinoma: Two of them (GABARAPL1 and DLC1) have been found to have a tumor-suppressive function: the GABARAPL1 protein could positively regulate ULK1 activity and autophagosome formation (37) and was also found to have a tumor-suppressive function in breast cancer cells (38, 39); DLC1 is involved in regulating autophagy and apoptosis and was found to be a potential tumor suppressor in many types of human cancers (40).