Several studies have shown increased expression of IL-1β in tissue and blood in rodent animal models of, for example, metastatic cancer-induced bone pain, chemo-therapy induced peripheral neuropathy, cryopyrin associated periodic syndrome, fibromyalgia, migraine and many other painful conditions (Verma et al., 2010; Cordero et al., 2014; Jia et al., 2017; Chen et al., 2019; He et al., 2019; Table 1). This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome.