TFAM at doses of 40, 80, and 160 mg/kg (i.g.)for 24 days dramatically alleviated escape-directed behavioral impairment in mice induced by poststroke depression, significantly decreased the content of MDA, and increased the activities of SOD and GPx in comparison with fluoxetine (2.5 mg/kg). The gene discussed is SOD1; the disease is depressive symptom measurement.