BDNF and neurodegenerative disease: LA is used clinically to treat AD (Hager et al., 2007, 2010; Fava et al., 2013), but the growing knowledge we provide on glucose metabolism restoration by LA via the BDNF/TrkB/HIF-1α pathway in AD may support a novel therapy target for neurodegenerative diseases (Nakamura et al., 2006; Li et al., 2012; Lin et al., 2014; Jiao et al., 2016).