NLRP3 and Parkinson disease: For instance, the nucleotide-binding domain (NOD)-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, including NLRP3, caspase-1 and cytokines of the interleukin-1 (IL-1) family, was shown to be activated in LPS- and 6-hydroxydopamine hydrobromide (6-OHDA)-induced PD rats [6].