Genomic rearrangements, notably those involving the genes encoding the kinases ALK or ROS, or the presence of the fusion TMPRSS2-ERG, are potential therapeutic targets in lung cancer or a sensitivity biomarker for abiraterone acetate treatment response in prostate cancers, respectively.69,70 These structural genomic abnormalities have the potential to be detected via NGS techniques with the additional benefit of detecting a large number of gene fusions with known and unknown partner genes, compared with previous targeted PCR assays. The gene discussed is ERG; the disease is Familial prostate cancer.