To address the possibility that spatially-distinct samples from M13, the most clinically and histopathologically aggressive tumor in our study, may have overly biased our protein expression analyses from a limited number of samples (Fig. 4d–g), we compared FOXM1 transcript expression to ADC values from all spatially distinct meningiomas from our study, excluding samples from M13, and validated the positive yet heterogeneous association between FOXM1 expression and regional ADC (Supplementary Fig. 4e). Here, FOXM1 is linked to neoplasm.