NRAS and acute myeloid leukemia: We further investigated the mutations scenario for these two subgroups in TCGA-AML patients (Figs. 5a-c) and found that KIT, CEBPA and NRAS genes were frequently mutated in SubgroupA, while the mutations in RUNX1, DNMT3A and PTPN11 genes were predominant in SubgroupB (P ≤ 0.01, Fisher’s exact test).