ELAVL1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: In non-small-cell lung carcinoma and thyroid cancer cells, CMLD-2 treatment decreases the mRNA expression of HuR or competitively binds to HuR, and thereby downregulates target mRNAs, such as Bax, Bcl-xL, and Mad2. CMLD-2 treatment therefore increases apoptosis and decreases tumor aggressiveness [213,214].