MT-CO1 and renal fibrosis: Furthermore, in renal fibrosis and renal injury induced by AAI, decrease of mtDNA-encoded cytochrome C oxidase subunit 1 (COX-1) and nuclear DNA (nDNA)-encoded nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase (ubiquinone)-1b subcomplex 8 (NDUFb8) suggested that mtDNA and nDNA were both victims.