LTF and macular retinal edema: Lactotransferrin (LTF) and Immunoglobulin λ are increased in PDR together with another tear proteins expressed with frequency in PDR like lipocalin 1 (LCN1), lysozyme C (LYZ), lipophilin A, lacritin (LACRT) lipidic carriers for retinoids required for tear production, their increase are specifically associated as predictors for DR progression, some are linked to inflammation secondary to neovascularization, bleeding or macular edema [188].