Confirming the tumor-promoting activity of M2-skewed macrophages, recognizable by nuclear accumulation of p50 NF-κB, we have observed in a cohort of 49 CRC patients (stage II/III) that accumulation of p50+ TAMs at the invasive margin is negatively correlated with M1 (IL12A) and Th1 (TBX21) gene expression and is associated with worse outcome [71]. Here, CD40 is linked to colorectal carcinoma.