LTA and neoplasm: In addition, pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, TNF-α, and TNF-β (Lymphotoxin-α) have been associated with chronic inflammation and tumorigenesis, and several reports from our and other laboratories have shown a strong correlation between chronic inflammation and cytokines, which controls the microenvironment of the tumor through modulation of the survival and migration of tumor cells as well as surrounding cells and thus induce tumor progression and metastasis [18,20,42,84,85,86].