The Taiwanese case-control study involving 71 girls with central precocious puberty (CPP) and 29 girls in control group aged showed significantly higher levels of phthalate metabolites and kisspeptin-54 in girls with CPP in comparison with the control group; the results showed a positive correlation between the urinary levels of MnBP and levels of kisspeptin-54, as well [88]. This evidence concerns the gene KISS1 and precocious puberty.