In primary tumors, as was observed in in vitro cell studies, we saw significant downregulation of the EMT genes Snail, Slug, NCAD, Vimentin, MMPs (MMP2 and MMP7), and SMAD3, and also reduced expression of known FOXM1 target genes, such as AURKB, CENPF, PLK1, and CCNB1 in breast tumors of NB-73, NB-115 (Figure 6A) and NB-55 treated animals (Figure 6B). Here, SMAD3 is linked to breast neoplasm.