It impairs mitochondrial membrane permeability, releasing cytochrome c in the cytoplasm, and increasing caspase-3-mediated apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells [62]; in the pathogenies of diabetic retinopathy, capillary cell apoptosis precedes the development of diabetic retinopathy [63]. Here, CASP3 is linked to diabetic retinopathy.