A recent study demonstrated that acute i.v. injection of anti–PD-1 antibody nivolumab (10 mg/kg) evoked rapid increases in mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia on days 3 and 7 after LLC cell inoculation, while chronic PD-L1 treatment promoted osteoclastogenesis, and chronic repeated nivolumab (i.v.)even attenuated bone cancer–induced allodynia and hyperalgesia by suppressing osteoclastogenesis, suggesting endogenous PD-L1–mediated antinociception may be transient in the early phase of bone cancer (60). This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and bone neoplasm.